PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PERTANIAN PADA ERA DISRUPSI: UPAYA MENDUKUNG AGRIBISNIS INKLUSIF

Inclusive and sustainable agribusiness development in the disruption era requires fundamental adaptation. Major changes in community’s activities take place from the real world to virtual activities. One of the urgent needs in inclusive and sustainable agribusiness development is agricultural human resources able to anticipate changes and successfully adapt to those changes. This paper aims to explore changes in the agribusiness order, challenges in the extension system and agricultural human resource development going forward.  Scientific review analysis shows that there are physical business cost savings, open and direct new markets, development of internet-based online shop services with smarter, easier, faster, more efficient, and more accurate transaction processes. The agribusiness system requires a new management system with more competitive human resources capacity. Three instruments for developing agricultural human resources are: (1) prioritizing skill improvement and providing infrastructure for information and communication technology (ICT), (2) capability of extension workers and researchers in creating, socializing and implementing inclusive technology with digital literacy, (3) training the farmers with ICT-based production skills, building partnerships, and accessing big data and information in accordance with their current. Accelerating instrument operations needs champions or youth driving agent

Proses Adaptasi Migran Sirkuler : Kasus Migran Asal Komunitas Perkebunan The Rakyat Cianjur, Jawa Barat

Circular migrant adaptation process: Case of migrants originated from TeaSmallholder Plantation Community in Cianjur, West Java. Value of work orientationchanges from agriculture towards non-agriculture has caused higher populationmobility from rural to urban areas. Sociologically, this geographical or spatial mobilityis also a socio-cultural mobility from traditional agriculture towards modern industry.Migrants should be adaptive to new situation so that the purpose of migrating wouldbe achieved. The objectives of the study are to investigate: (1) influencing factors ofpopulation migration; (2) Adaptation process of migrants originated from smallholderplantation community in Cianjur working in Tangerang Industrial Areas. The studyapplied qualitative method with case study strategy. The results of the study showedthat economic and social factors pushed the migration cases complimentarily.Adaptation process by maintaining “in group feeling” succeeded in providing sense ofserenity and comfort ability although it seemed to get acculturation process sloweddown. Orientation of working for the future directed the migrants to keep makingrelation with their relatives or their hometown communitie

Karakteristik Komersial dan Perubahan Sosial Petani Kecil

This article analyzes peasant’s commercial characteristics in irrigated lowland agro ecosystems and identifies its social change. Peasant’s performance includes limited land holding, poor infrastructure condition, family food security orientation, low access to capital, information and technology and institutional involvement, production cost dependence on traders, and strong social and employment institutional ties. Various policies needed for more commercial peasants include guarantee of land and market rights, farm management, risk mitigation and adaptation, promoting an efficient and inclusive food product value chain, develop modern agricultural farming and management techniques, establishing synergistic farmer’s economic institutions and extension institutions, and expanding business network. Policy strategies include flexible transfer of land tenure, instruments to reduce and manage farm risks, open access to market and marketing information, create favor value chains, vertical and horizontal coordination to meet the safety standards, peasant’s organization role enhancement, provide incentives for high-value commodity production, reduce trade barriers and technology subsidies that potentially reduce farmer’s employment and opportunities, and develop innovative financial service access systems. Priority policy includes better technology and natural resource management practices, input subsidies for food production, protection of land rights and farming system development to support non-farm diversification. AbstrakArtikel ini menganalisis karakteristik komersial petani pada agroekosistem sawah dan mengidentifikasi perubahan sosialnya. Selain pemilikan lahan terbatas, petani kecil juga bekerja dalam kondisi infrastruktur yang buruk, orientasi keamanan pangan keluarga, akses rendah terhadap modal, informasi, teknologi, dan kelembagaan, ketergantungan biaya produksi pada pedagang, serta ikatan sosial dan kelembagaan ketenagakerjaan yang kuat. Berbagai kebijakan yang diperlukan untuk petani agar lebih komersial diantaranya jaminan hak atas tanah dan pasar, strategi manajemen pertanian, mitigasi dan adaptasi risiko, mempromosikan rantai nilai produk makanan yang efisien dan inklusif lebih dekat ke sektor hulu, mengembangkan teknik pertanian dan manajemen pertanian modern, membangun institusi ekonomi dan lembaga penyuluhan petani yang sinergis, dan memperluas jaringan bisnis. Strategi untuk mengubah petani kecil agar komersial antara lain transfer lahan yang fleksibel, instrumen untuk mengurangi dan mengelola risiko usaha tani, membuka akses terhadap pasar dan informasi pasar, menciptakan rantai nilai baik, koordinasi vertikal dan horizontal untuk memenuhi standar keamanan, meningkatkan peran organisasi petani, insentif untuk produksi komoditas bernilai tinggi, mengurangi hambatan perdagangan dan subsidi teknologi yang berpotensi mengurangi pekerjaan dan peluang petani, serta mengembangkan sistem akses layanan keuangan yang inovatif. Skala prioritas meliputi teknologi yang lebih baik dan praktik manajemen sumber daya alam, input subsidi untuk produksi pangan, perlindungan hak atas tanah dan pengembangan sistem pertanian untuk mendukung diversifikasi non-pertanian

The Impact of Advanced Technology on Indonesia’s National Security Stability

In the current era of ever-growing globalization, technological progress has become one of the main pillars in changing the perspective of human life. Apart from that, cyber security is also one of the main pillars in efforts to develop Indonesia's digital economy. This study aims to examine the positive and negative impact of advanced technology on Indonesia's National Security Stability. The method used is a descriptive research method carried out qualitatively. This study formulated the efforts that can be taken to maintain the stability of the Indonesian defense and security system in facing the negative impacts of technological developments. Several efforts that can help face the negative impacts of technological developments are the development of cyber defense capabilities, strengthening security and data protection, diversification and strengthening of Human Resources, collaboration with the private sector and universities, and strict supervision and control system. Some of these things must be implemented with continuous commitment and efforts so that Indonesia’s defense and security capabilities can be very resilient and be able very resilient and will continue to grow and get stronger in the future

Transformasi Pertanian dan Krisis Air di Bali dalam Perspektif Ekologi Politik

EnglishMass tourism development directing all policies to support tourism in Bali causes water crisis and major agricultural base change. This paper aims to analyze of agricultural transformation process and water crisis taking place in Bali as well as its impacts on the socio-economic cultural life of the society and the future of tourism itself. Using the perspective of political ecology with review techniques, the obtained results are (1) tourism-oriented development policy brings a broad impact on the environment and the agricultural sector especially land conversion, labor, economy, and water resource utilization; (2) water crisis creates natural resource conflict among various stakeholders and tends to marginalize agriculture; (3) local subak institutional decay and it is potential to suppress natural resources and indigenous culture of Balinese society. In the long term, there is a potential that Bali loses its distinctive cultural appeal as the world tourism destination. Using political ecology perspective, it is suggested that Bali has to develop eco-tourism, agro-tourism, and culture-tourism as soon as possible.IndonesianPembangunan pariwisata massal yang mengarahkan semua kebijakan untuk mendukung pariwisata di Bali telah menyebabkan terjadinya  krisis air dan perubahan basis utama pertanian. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis proses transformasi pertanian dan krisis air yang terjadi di Bali serta dampaknya bagi kehidupan sosial-ekonomi-budaya masyarakat dan masa depan pariwisata itu sendiri.  Menggunakan perspektif ekologi politik dengan teknik review diperoleh hasil bahwa (1) politik pembangunan berorientasi pariwisata membawa dampak yang luas terhadap lingkungan dan sektor pertanian khususnya alih fungsi lahan, ketenagakerjaan,  perekonomian, hingga pemanfaatan sumber daya air; (2) terjadi krisis air yang menimbulkan konflik sumber daya alam antarberbagai stakeholder dan cenderung memarginalisasi pertanian; (3) terjadi peluruhan kelembagaan lokal subak dan potensial menekan sumber daya alam maupun kultur asli masyarakat Bali. Dalam jangka panjang, Bali potensial kehilangan daya tarik kultural yang khas sebagai destinasi pariwisata dunia.  Menggunakan perspektif ekologi politik, disarankan pariwisata Bali lebih mengarah kepada pengembangan ekowisata, agrowisata, dan kulturwisata

Mekanisasi Pertanian dan Pengembangan Usaha Pelayanan Jasa Alsintan (UPJA)

Agricultural Machinery Services Business (UPJA) is an institution based on the awareness of limited agricultural land, inadequate agricultural labor, fast planting time, and important agricultural modernization. UPJA is expected to overcome farming problems as well as being a factor of economic growth through capital accumulation and agricultural competitiveness. This paper is a critical review that aims to analyze agricultural mechanization and institutional development of UPJA as a rural economic institution for optimizing agricultural machinery. Results of the analysis show that the application of agricultural mechanization has been able to accelerate production process as well as to increase production and farming profits. The Special Effort (Upsus) program through agricultural machinery assistance has not run optimally. One way for optimizing the program is to grow and build UPJA as a manager of agricultural machinery. UPJA has the potential to spur the development of modern agriculture and at the same time it drives farmers’ economy in rural areas. Comprehensive and professional handling of UPJA is possible to develop this institution into a farmers’ corporation. AbstrakUsaha Pelayanan Jasa Alsintan (UPJA) adalah lembaga yang dibangun dari kesadaran bahwa lahan pertanian di Indonesia sudah relatif sempit, tenaga kerja pertanian makin terbatas, perlu mengejar waktu tanam, dan pentingnya modernisasi pertanian. UPJA diperkirakan mampu mengatasi masalah usaha tani sekaligus menjadi faktor pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui akumulasi modal dan daya saing pertanian. Tulisan ini merupakan review ilmiah (critical review) yang bertujuan menganalisis mekanisasi pertanian dan  pengembangan kelembagaan UPJA sebagai lembaga ekonomi desa dalam rangka optimalisasi alsintan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan penerapan mekanisasi pertanian telah mampu mempercepat proses produksi, meningkatkan produksi, dan keuntungan usaha tani.  Program Upsus melalui bantuan alsintan belum berjalan secara optimal.  Salah satu bentuk upaya optimalisasi adalah dengan menumbuhkan dan membangun UPJA sebagai pengelola alsintan. UPJA potensial memacu berkembangnya pertanian modern sekaligus menggerakkan ekonomi petani di pedesaan.  Penanganan UPJA secara menyeluruh dan profesional berpotensi mengembangkan lembaga ini menjadi korporasi petani

EDUCATION LINEARITY: THE SHACKLE OF DISRUPTION ERA IN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 FROM THE DEFENSE PERSPECTIVE

The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 has had a big impact on changing the order of life or global disruption. In Indonesia, almost all tertiary institutions apply linearity in recruiting teaching staff and academics when they are going to a higher level. The linearity of the study program according to the Circular of the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia Number 696/E.E3/MI/2014 is the suitability of the background knowledge obtained in the bachelor, master and doctoral degree program with the knowledge that will be taught at the teaching place to achieve competence or learning outcomes at the teaching place. The challenge of life today is to answer actual global issues that can no longer be viewed from a monodisciplinary point of view but must be viewed from a transdisciplinary and multidisciplinary point of view. This study is a qualitative approach, that leads to the situation and the individual holistically. This type of research is descriptive in the form of a literature study using primary and secondary sources. The problem is the defense system nowadays is more complex with the new perspective of the 5th generation war. The 5th generation war needs a comprehensive approach in the defense systems including bioinformatics, biomedical, psychology, industrial, chemical, biology, and others. Linearity in the defense educational system could be a shackle for the defense system to encounter the industrial revolution and 5th generation war. Indonesia Defence University could be an example where defense is viewed from the spirit of collaboration and cooperation between multidisciplinary, transdisciplinary, and interdisciplinary approaches. By opening its doors to undergraduates, the university can start building a much-needed core of human resources equipped to defend the country and also new hope for a comprehensive perspective in the defense system